few decades ago had Antonio Cisneros that Hungary was the country best treated its poets. Their tickets had no military or the faces of presidents, but of poets. And there were streets and statues and monuments under the protection of the names of poets Endre Ady, Zsigmond Moricz, Sandor Petofi, Mihaly Babits, Dezsö Kosztolángyi, Attila József ... Just who is the saddest and poorest d ela Hungarian history is Attila József, whose death condenses and reflects the tumultuous time of rebellion and misery. József Attila
born April 11, 1905 in Budapest, Hungary's capital and intellectual capital of the country next in a suburb called Ferencváros. His father is a soap-and abandons his wife and three children (two males and a child) with the intention of traveling to America, but then you know who returns to his home province and plies his trade in various cities in Romania. His mother insists on a series of odd jobs, but because of his poor health has to leave his son. József Attila live with the peasants of Ocsöd to seven years, caring for pigs like all poor rural children.
At age eleven he wrote his first poems, while remaining committed to its laws. In 1918 he returned to Budapest with the intention to work and help his family. But shortly after his mother dies and the Orphan Asylum chosen tutor to his brother Odo Makai, lawyer in comfortable position.
However, the work to be performed by Attila József are endless. A seller of water and is known as a child stealing firewood, selling newspapers and postage stamps and barges working in a shipping company, is a farm worker, representing libraries, a bank clerk, editor of literary magazines, etc.
At 17 Nygatan magazine (the West) published some of his poems. "I saw a child prodigy," said József, "and yet was not an orphan." His interest in literature when a child wakes up reading the adventures of King Attila, whose name Share. Approves exams easily and without complications. "When I finished the sixth year, has József," I left high school and boarding school because, in my isolation, I was an idler, not studying, because I knew the only lesson the teacher had to explain it. " Preceptor and approved works simultaneously for two consecutive years of high school. The funny thing is that haunt him for having "blasphemed against God" in one of his poems, but the Supreme Court acquitted him. Work
all. In deciding to devote himself to literature, is part of the Faculty of Arts at Szeged. But his teacher said that while he lived Attila József High School teacher would never be. The reason: his poems published in local newspapers. József says: "Often we usually speak of the ironies of fate, and it was truly, as the offending poem, pure heart, it soon became famous. Seven items were consecrated you. " This beautiful poem, written in 1925, reads in translation of Hugo Acevedo: "I have no father or mother, / I have not kiss or lover. / I live without God and country, / And no birth and no shroud. / / Van three days do not like / nothing too much or too little. / I put my twenty years in sales, / the power of my state. / / If nobody buys then the devil arree with. / Heart pure: steal / - why not - and even kill. / / I caught and hung me / and bury me in the Holy Land. / And grass death traveling / on my heart grows and grows. " Then Attila József
is Banished. Travel to Vienna, where he lives miserably and leads the life of poor students. "Milk, cheese and poems," he writes in a letter. There comes into contact with the Hungarian émigré and communist writers. He travels to Paris and meets Tristan Tzara, studying Marx and Lenin and after a short summer season returns to Budapest. Meet wandered Márta, bourgeois family that opposes the marriage. "I wanted to a wealthy girl: / I stole his class, "writes József.
appears In 1929 his third book: I have no father or mother. Had previously published Beggar Beauty (1922) and not that I cried (1925). The economic crisis in Hungary is terrible and there are big strikes and demonstrations. After winning the first five-year plan Stalin invades Europe a revolutionary wave. In 1930 Attila József joins the persecuted and underground Hungarian Communist Party, which will depart organically years later without ever renouncing their principles or their comrades. Meet Judit Szanto, blonde and beautiful, "I knew, at the same time, cook and give a kiss" and with it finally seems to have found much-needed balance.
But Attila József is a sick man. From childhood deprivation and persecution have undermined his body. From an early age has attempted suicide and was hospitalized several times in nursing homes for nervous depression. But he continues to write. Public Nights Arrabal, and an anthology entitled Dance of the bear itself. Meet Flora K., rehabilitation specialist, and she spends her last and most beautiful love poems.
His poetry is a combination of diverse influences: folk ballads, French surrealism, expressionism, German, Hungarian folklore, terminology and industrial workers, etc. The presence of the mother is consistent in his poetry, a symbol of proletarian mother: "Fragile was my mother. He died soon / washers die early because ... "Avoid poetry schematic workers, but he gives intensities insurmountable life of the masses. Along with symbolic poems, written in clear and simple: "Go, poetry! I know your class fighter! "The misery and disease of the poet are innumerable, and yet it has theoretical insight about his craft, as when he writes:" The essential reason which needs the poet is, no doubt because the poet is able to find a way to so many contradictory realities. "
health status worsens József and outlines his schizophrenia. Flora is like the embodiment of their dreams, and his last poems are painful and life balance of its entire people, "Beautiful are the spring and summer / winter and it is beautiful, even more than the fall, / for which awaits a family and a home / and decisively to others. " Travel
a deserted seaside resort on the shores of Lake Balaton. Flora and her friends are in Budapest. In 1937, a December 3, at 32 years, Attila József, who is condensed in the pain of his time, was thrown under the wheels of a long freight train crowded. And yet His death is symbolic: as with Hitler in power, the Nazis invaded central Europe shortly after the tragedy occurs.
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